Long-Distance Reflexives and the Binding Square of Opposition

We present data showing that, unlike other long-distance anaphors widely documented in the literature, the Portuguese ele próprio is not subjectoriented. This supports a reformulation of Principle Z, encompassing subject-oriented and non subject-oriented long-distance anaphors, which shows up as the fourth binding principle. The striking internal congruence of the resulting four principle based Binding Theory cogently makes it apparent that the binding symmetries are far more rich than the distributional symmetry between anaphors and pronouns assumed to be the only one to hold by most of the research of the last three decades. In particular, adequate formalization of those symmetries